In the next crisis between nuclear-armed states, national decision-makers may confront a much denser fog of war, an increased pressure to act, and a grave lack of understanding about the features of their operating environment—to name just a few of the changes on the horizon—due to a suite of emerging and disruptive technologies including social media, deep fakes, cyber weapons, drones, satellites, machine learning, autonomous systems, hypersonic weapons, and quantum computing.
